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NIAID HIV Clinical Research Sites Propel Global Advances in HIV and Pandemic Responses

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By Bunmi Yekini

The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has spotlighted the vital role of its HIV clinical research sites in addressing both global HIV challenges and emerging pandemics. Over the past few years, these sites have proven instrumental, enrolling more than 93,000 participants across 78 clinical trials in 25 countries since 2020. This extensive reach has not only contributed to groundbreaking HIV research but also enabled rapid responses to emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19 and mpox.

According to NIAID’s latest report, the HIV clinical research network was able to pivot swiftly to support the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) in its response to COVID-19. Approximately 78,000 of the enrolled participants were involved in COVID-19 trials, underscoring the network’s adaptability. “The flexibility and strength of our current network model have been indispensable in advancing global HIV research,” said Dr. Anthony Fauci, former Director of NIAID. “The same infrastructure proved invaluable in pandemic response efforts, allowing us to produce timely, high-quality evidence for public health interventions.”

The report also emphasizes the critical importance of community engagement, particularly in populations most affected by HIV. NIAID’s clinical research sites are anchored in strong local partnerships, ensuring research remains relevant and aligned with the needs of underserved populations. “To truly tackle the HIV epidemic, we must expand our reach to communities that have historically been underrepresented in clinical research,” said Dr. Carl Dieffenbach, Director of the Division of AIDS. “These include Black gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men, transgender individuals, people who use drugs, and young women in high HIV prevalence areas of Africa.”

NIAID’s network operates using a hub-and-spoke model, where central hubs provide vital services such as laboratory support, pharmacy, data management, and regulatory oversight to multiple satellite sites. This shared infrastructure allows for efficient trial execution and ensures that the same high-quality standards are maintained across all research sites.

Beyond HIV and pandemic preparedness, NIAID is keen to integrate implementation science into its future research priorities. “Our scientific questions now go beyond the efficacy of interventions,” Dieffenbach added. “We need to understand how these interventions can be delivered in real-world settings to offer healthcare options that people need, want, and are able to use.”

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